Shisha ni ubwoko bw’itabi rikomeje kwamamara cyane cyane mu rubyiruko ariko abenshi mubarinywa bakaba batazi ingaruka igira ku buzima bwabo.
Ishingiye ku bivugwa n’Ishami ry’umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima ku ngaruka mbi ku buzima ry’itabi rya Shisha, Minisiteri y’ubuzima yatangaje ko iri tabi rihagaritswe mu Rwanda.
Minisiteri y’Ubuzima, yatangaje ko guhera kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki ya 15 Ukuboza 2017, itabi rya Shisha ritemewe mu Rwanda nyuma y’aho bigaragariye ko rigira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umuntu harimo kuba ritera kanseri y’ibihaha, indwara z’umutima n’izindi.
Guhagarika ikoreshwa n’icuruzwa rya Shisha mu Rwanda bije nyuma y’aho Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu, Kaboneka Francis, yeruye akavuga ko Shisha imaze kwamamara mu tubari dutandukanye two mu Rwanda ari ikiyobyabwenge mu bindi.
Shisha yadutse mu Rwanda ikigarurira imitima y’urubyiruko ni bwoko ki ?
Shisha ni itabi riba rifite impumuro y’imbuto zinyuranye. Urinywa akurura umwuka yifashishije umugozi uba ucometse ku ruhombo riba riturukamo ariko ryabanje kunyura mu mazi. Ibi bikorwa hanifashishijwe n’ikara ricanwa ku mutwe w’uru ruhombo . Gusa uko rirushaho kwamamara niko hatavugwa ingaruka mbi zaryo ari nazo ahanini turi bugarukeho muri iyi nkuru.
Yatangiye gukoreshwa kuva mu myaka ya 1500
Narguilé, Nargil, ghelyan , chicha, arguileh (mu cyarabu), houka (rikoreshwa mu Buhinde), hookah mu Cyongereza na chilam yose ni amazina y’utubyiniriro tw’itabi rya Shisha.
Inkomoko ya Shisha ntabwo izwi neza ndetse ntivugwaho rumwe. Bamwe bavuga ko yaba yarakomotse muri Turukiya, abandi bakavuga ko ikomoka mu Buhinde nubwo hari abahamya ko ifite inkomoko mu cyahoze ari ubwami bwa Perse (Persian Empire )nkuko ikinyamakuru The Guardian cyabyanditse mu nyandiko cyahaye umutwe ugira uti “Smoking shisha: how bad is it for you?” yo muri Kanama 2011. Ikigo gishinzwe gukingira no kwirinda indwara ‘Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’(CDC) muri Amerika gitangaza ko Hookah cyangwa se Shisha yatangiye gukoreshwa mu binyejana bishize mu Buhinde ndetse no muri Perse.
Ikinyamakuru cya CNN cyo cyagaragaje igihe nyacyo Shisha yaba yaratangiye gukoreshwa. Mu nyandiko yacyo ‘Nearly 1 in 5 high school seniors have tried hookah’ yo muri Nyakanga 2014. CNN yatangaje ko Shisha yatangiye gukoreshwa mu bwami bwa Perse kuva mu kinyejana cya 16. CNN ikomeza itangaza ko abanywaga Shisha bo mu myaka ya kera bakoreshaga itabi gusa, ariko aho hatangiriye kuvangwamo impumuro nziza ngo nibwo urubyiruko rwatangiye kuyitabira cyane nkuko binemezwa na Dr. Vinayak Prasad, umujyanama mukuru mu Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima ku isi.
Urubyiruko mu bihugu binyuranye nirwo ruri kwitabira cyane kunywa Shisha
Nubwo inkomoko ya Shisha itazwi neza ariko iri kugenda irushaho kwamamara umunsi ku wundi mu bihugu bikomeye nk’Ubufaransa, Amerika, ibihugu byo mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati, Ubwongereza, Uburusiya …. n’u Rwanda rudasigaye. Inywebwa n’umuntu umwe ariko akenshi ikunda gusangirwa cyane n’abantu 2 cyangwa se barenzeho, gusa ikigo cya CDC twavuze haruguru kikemeza ko urubyiruko arirwo ruri kwitabira cyane kunywa iri tabi . Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Amerika bwagaragaje ko abanyeshuri bo mu mashuri yisumbuye bari hagati ya 22% kugeza kuri 40% aribo biganje mubanywa Shisha nubwo abayinywa abenshi usanga batazi ibiba biyigize cyangwa ingaruka mbi yaba igira ku mubiri w’umuntu.
Umuntu umara isaha anywa Shisha agereranywa n’uba anyweye amasigara 200
Dr Khalid Anis wo mu Mujyi wa Manchester mu Bwongereza yatangarije ikinyamakuru The Guardian ko abantu benshi bakeka ko kunywa Shisha nta ngaruka mbi bigira ku buzima bw’uyinywa nyamara ngo zirahari kandi zikomeye.
Yagize ati " Hari ubutamenya abantu bafite ko Shisha atigari ingaruka mbi nk’iziterwa n’itabi(cigarettes) kuko baba bumva ko riba rifite impumuro nziza kandi ryabanje gucishwa mu mazi. Ariko uburozi buba bugize itabi(carcinogens na nicotine) ntaho buba bwagiye.
Umuntu ukunda kunywa Shisha yakwitegura kugerwaho n’ingaruka nk’iz’umunywi w’itabi nko kugira ibibazo by’ubuhumekero, indwara z’umutima cyangwa kurwara kanseri. “
Yongeyeho ati " Nkuko bigendekera umunywi w’itabi wese usanzwe, mbona abantu bakunda kunywa Shisha bizababata(addictive) kurugero bazajya baba bumva bayishaka buri munsi."
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima( World Health Organisation/Organisation mondial de la santé) bwagaragaje ko umuntu ukurura umwuka w’itabi rya Shisha mu gihe kingana n’isaha agereranywa n’uba anyweye amasegereti (cigarettes) hagati ya 100 na 200 bikaba byaragarutsweho na The Guadian mu nkuru yayo “Smoking shisha: how bad is it for you?”.
Nubwo ubu bushakashatsi bwa World Health Organisation bugaragaza ko Shisha ari mbi cyane ku buzima bw’uyinywa, hari abavuga ko harimo gukabya. Muri abo harimo Dr Kamal Chaouachi inzobere mu bigendanye n’itabi ndetse akaba n’umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Paris IX. Yamaze imyaka 15 ashakashaka ku itabi rya Shisha. Kuri we ngo ntiyemeranya n’abagereranya Shisha n’itabi risanzwe.
Dr Kamal Chaouachi ashingira ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’abashakashatsi bigenga bo muri Royal University yo muri Saudi Arabia. Dr Kamal Chaouachi avuga ko aba bashakashatsi bagaragaje ko umwotsi wa Shisha uba urimo imiti y’uburozi(chemicals ) mikeya inshuro 30 ugereranyije n’itabi.
Ati " Birababaje kuvuga ko umwotsi wa Shisha uhumanya inshuro 200 kurusha uw’itabi mu gihe imiti y’uburozi 5000 ariyo yasanzwe mu mwotsi w’ itabi risanzwe nyamara inzobere muby’imiti(chemists & pharmacologists) bo muri Saudi Arabia barasanze imiti y’uburozi 142 gusa mu mwotsi wa shisha. Ikindi ikipe y’abaganga yo muri Pakistan yasanze umwotsi wa shisha ufite imbaraga nkeya zo gutera kanseri ugereranyije n’itabi risanzwe."
Ihuriro rya Shisha na kanseri
Ikigo gishinzwe gukingira no kwirinda indwara ‘Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mu nyandiko yacyo yitwa ‘Smoking & Tobacco Use ‘ivuga ku itabi arikoikanagaruka ku itabi rya shisha, bagaragaza ko hari ihuriro ry’umwotsi wa Shisha no kwandura kanseri kumuntu uyinywa.na Dr. Vinayak Prasad, umujyanama mukuru mu Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima ku isi.
Muri iyi nyandiko bemeza ko ikara ryifashishwa mu gutwika itabi ryongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara zinyuranye kuyinywa kuko riba ririmo carbon monoxide /Monoxyde de Carbone(umwuka ubusanzwe utuma umuntu abura umwuka wo guhumeka:Uyu mwuka niwo utuma umuntu waraye ahantu hari Imbabura yaka apfa), n’ubundi butare butera kanseri(cancer-causing chemicals). Nubwo umwotsi wa Shisha uba wabanje guca mu mazi ariko ngo uba ukirimo ku rwego rwo hejuru ibishobora gutera kanseri. Itabi rya shisha n’umwotsi waryo riba ririmo ibyakwanduza kanseri y’ibihaha,iy’uruhago, cyangwa kanseri zo mu kanwa(oral cancers ).
Izindi ngaruka mbi shisha igira ku buzima bw’umuntu
Ikigo cya CDC kinemeza ko umwotsi wa Shisha uba urimo ibyanduza indwara z’umutima. Abasangira Shisha ngo bashobora kwanduzanya igihe bayihererekanya. Abana bavutse ku babyeyi banywa Shisha buri munsi, bavukana ibiro bikeya inshuro eshatu n’igice ugereranyije n’ababyarwa n’ababyeyi batayinywa. Ikindi ngo ni uko abana bavutse kuri aba babyeyi bakunda kugira ibibazo by’ubuhumekero. Abanywa Shisha baba bafite ibyago byo kwandura kanseri zinyuranye nk’uko abanywi b’itabi bibagendekera. Muri izo harimo izo twavuzeho haruguru, hiyongereyeho kanseri y’umuhogo, kanseri y’igifu, kudakora neza kw’ibihaha no kugabanuka kw’uburumbuke (fertility ).
Izi nizo ngaruka za Shisha zitajya zikunda kugarukwaho. Ibitekerezo byawe cyangwa inyunganizi turabyakira. Shyira igitekerezo cyawe ahabugenewe.
Ingingo nkizi tuzigarukaho bitewe n’ubusabe bw’abasomyi. Indi ngingo wumva twazagarukaho mu gihe kizaza, wakohereza ubutumwa bwawe kuri email :[email protected]
