Ukuzima kwa muntu ku isi atuyeho byaba ari inzozi cyangwa birashoboka ? Igice cya I

Ukuzima kwa muntu ku isi atuyeho byaba ari inzozi cyangwa birashoboka ?
Muri za 2003 cyangwa 2002, aho twabaga mu Byimana, mu karere ka Ruhango turi abanyeshuri nibwo twatangiye kujya twohererezanya amafoto y’uko u Rwanda rwacu ruzaba rumeze muri 2020.

Iyo twarebaga ayo mafoto twabaga twishimye kandi tunezerewe ukumva utabyihererana; e-mail zirirwaga zicicikana dore ko imbuga nkoranyambaga zari zitaraza.

Uyu munsi 2020 tuyirimo gusa icyorezo cyoretse isi yose, icyo dusabwa ni ukuguma mu nzu no gukaraba intoki incuro nyinshi ku munsi, tutibagiwe no kwitarura abo duhuye nabo; murabyubahirize!

Amakuru ahari ku cyorezo aragenda aba menshi yuzuyemo agahinda, kwibaza aho cyaturutse, abo gihitana n’ibindi, gusa igikomeye muri byose nuko nta muti uraboneka ubu, igishenguye umutima nuko inkomoko yacyo nayo itavugwaho rumwe, bamwe bati yarakozwe abandi bati ni iva mu ducurama. Gusa mwene muntu nkanjye nawe ari gupfa ndetse natwe dusigaye abenshi ubwoba bwatubase.

Ibi byose rero byakomeje kunsunikira ku gutekereza urugendo rwa muntu aha kw’isi dutuyeho, nyamara ariko sinibanze ahanini ku byahise ahubwo nibajije cyane ku biri imbere mpereye ku biriho uyu munsi biri kuba ndetse n’ingaruka zabyo. Nifashije igitabo cy’umwanditsi w’umuyahudi Yuval Noah Harari cyitwa Sapiens; A brief history of humankind reka ngire bimwe ngusangiza byibuze ibyo bihe bizaza niyo bitagusanga ariko ube ufite amakuru runaka kuko burya amakuru afasha byinshi ntarondora ubu.

Iyo usomye mur’ icyo gitabo ahari umutwe ugira uti: The end of Homo Sapiens mu Kinyarwanda akaba ari Iherezo rya Muntu, niho koko ubona neza ko ibiba si impanuka, har’ababa babifiteho amakuru kandi barabyiteguye cg se batarabyiteguye ariko uko biri kose har’amakuru baba bafite y’ibanze; ikindi kiruseho rero niho ubonera ukuri kwa ya magambo y’umuhanzi nyarwanda Diplomate agira ati “ Ubwenge muntu yahawe nibwo yifashisha ahinyuza Uwabumuhaye. Nanjye nkongeraho nti nakomeza atyo amaherezo azaba nka cya gisiga cy’urwara rurerure rwimennye inda.

Mu ntangiriro Imbaraga karemano ( physical force), ingaruka z’ubutabire(chemical reaction), n’ uburyo bw’amahitamo kamere(natural-selection process); bwari bumwe haba kuri Muntu no ku bindi binyabuzima byose biri ku isi. Gusa mu buryo bwa kamere mu guhitamo, Muntu akarusha ikibuga ibindi binyabuzima, ariko nubwo byar’uko har’imbibi Muntu atabashaga kurenga, iyo mbibi ikaba iyo kutabasha kurema bushya cyangwa se guhindura imiterere kamere y’ibinyabuzima.

Nyamara mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 21 icyari imbibi ntarengwa cyagize iherezo, Muntu atangira kwiremera ibinyabuzima bishya, ubu ntihariho ibinyabuzima byabayeho mu buryo kamere karande gusa(natural selection) ahubwo hariho n’ibinyabuzima byakomotse ku rukomatane rw’amahame y’ubwenge bwa muntu(laws of intelligent design). Nyamara mu gihe kijya kungana n’imyaka miriyali 4 ibinyabuzima byose byariho mu buryo bwa kamere nta na kimwe cyariho biturutse ku bwenge bwa muntu.

Ngo muntu ajya gutangira uru rugendo byahereye mu gihe cy’amavugurura mu buhinzi mu myaka ibihumbi 10000 ishize, aho yifuje inkoko nini kandi zigenda gahoro gahoro, niko kuvumbura ko afashe inkoko kazi nini akayibangurira ku isake igenda gake bibyara umushwi munini kandi ugenda gake; maze wafata ya mishwi yavutse mur’ubwo buryo ukayihuza noneho ukabona imishwi minini kandi igenda gake mu buryo bwuzuye. Aha Muntu ntiyarafite ubushobozi bwo kurema inkoko itarigeze ibaho ahubwo yaremye inkoko ifite imiterere mishya; gusa guhera muri za 2000 habaye impinduka nazo zikomeye ubwo umuhanga akaba n’umuhanzi w’ ibinyabuzima wo muri Brazil witwa Eduardo Kac, yaremaga urukwavu rudasanzwe bise Alba (Fluorescent green rabbit). Kuva ubwo muri za laboratwari zikomeye ku isi birirwa baremarema ibinyabuzima bitandukanye; mbese ni nk’ irushanwa barimo nako intambara.

Mur’uru rugamba abahanga mu binyabuzima barimo rw’iremarema, bifashisha uburyo butatu ariko bushobora no kwiyongera uko iminsi igenda yigira imbere, ubwo buryo ni BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING (enjiniyaringi y’ibinyabuzima), CYBORG ENGINEERING (Cyborg ni ikiremwa cyigizwe n’uruvange rw’ibiri oruganike n’ibitari oruganike), ENGINEERING OF INORGANIC LIFE (kurema ikiremwa gishya kitari oruganike).

Ubu buryo bwose uko ari butatu buvuguruza ya tewori kandi twiga mw’ishuri ya DARWIN. Uko biri kose ubu buryo uko ari butatu uko Muntu arushaho kumaranira kubugeraho niko arushaho kubona n’izindi ngaruka kandi ni nako amahirwe y’uko amateka n’ubuzima bwe uko bizwi uyu munsi azahinduka kandi agafata n’ikindi cyerekezo.

Turibanda cyane kuri Biological engineering kuko ifite aho ihuriye cyane nibyo turi gucamo uyu munsi.

Biological engineering rero ahanini igizwe n’ubuhanga bwa muntu bwo gufata uturemangingo duto dutandukanye ukaduhuza mu rwego rwo kuba wenda wahindura imiterere y’inyuma y’ikinyabuzima runaka, ubushobozi, ibyifuzo n’ibyangombwa by’icyo kinyabuzima mu rwego rwo kuzuzanya n’intego runaka abantu baba bariremeye mbere y’uko bajya kuremarema icyo kinyabuzima.

Ubwo buhanga rero si bushya kuri Muntu kuko guhera kera yarabukoreshaga cyane cyane mu gukona. Aho bakonaga ibisimba bimwe na bimwe kugira ngo amahane n’ubukaka byagiraga bigabanuke maze babone uko babyigisha kubafasha imirimo imwe n’imwe, nko gukurura imashini zihinga n’ibindi. Si kubisimba gusa rero n’abantu barabakonaga bagamije gutuma bahinduka ngo bazifashishwe mu bintu bigiye bitandukanye. Ubu buhanga rero bwo guhindura kamere runaka y’ikinyabuzima runaka bumaze hafi imyaka igera 10000.

Uko ubumenyi bwa Muntu bugenda bwiyongera niko arushaho kugenda asobanukirwa imikorere y’ibinyabuzima n’uturemangingo duto cyane tubigize maze bikamuha ubushobozi bwo kuba atari ugukona umuntu gusa, ahubwo akaba yabasha no guhindura igitsina cye binyuze mu kumubaga no kumutera indi misemburo.

Ubumenyi bwa Muntu rero ntibugarukira aho kuko ubu binashoboka cyane ko yakora igisimba gifite urugingo runaka rujya gusa n’urw’umuntu iyo ikaba ari imbanziriza mushinga y’uko yazabasha kugenda arema bimwe mu bice by’umuntu bikora kandi bimeze nk’ibyo umuntu avukana.

Uyu munsi Biological engineering ya Muntu iri gukoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuremarema ibintu bito bito nyamara uko iminsi yicuma niko abahanga barushaho kugenda batekereza uko bakora n’ibindi kuko nta mbibi zikiriho. Ikibazwa rero kandi kinateye impungenge n’uko abakora ibyo byose siko bose bagamije ibyiza kandi n’abagamije ibyiza bashobora kwibeshya cyangwa ibyo bakoze byagera hanze bikagira imimerere itandukanye n’iyo ababihanze bifuzaga maze bikagira ingaruka mbi biteza.

Muntu rero uko agenda ashaka guhaza amatsiko ye, uko agenda arushaho kwerekana ko ar’ikiremwa kiruta ibindi bimukikije tutibagiwe no gushaka imbaraga n’ubushobozi buhambaye niko azagenda akora bimwe na bimwe bizagenda binamugiraho ingaru nziza cyangwa mbi kandi hari naho azagera ibyo yaremye bikamuganza, ntabe akibashije kubitegeka.

Ikibazo aha gihangayikishije rero si ubumenyi ahubwo igihangayikishije cyane twakwibaza ni , abafite ubwo bumenyi bafite izihe ndangagaciro? , ese ubwo bumenyi bukoreshwa bute, hagamijwe iki? ese igipimo cyo kwibeshya kigarukira hehe? Ese igihe twibeshye ingaruka tuzabasha kuzikumira ku ruhe rwego?

Ese uyu munsi ko Biological engineering iri kutwigirizaho nkana ikadutera irwara aho ingaruka za Cyborg engineering na engineering of Inorganic life zo ziduhishiye iki ?

BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING igizwe n’ikorwa by’ibinyabuzima: Virus, imiti n’inkingo

Ikorwa ry’imashini zitandukanye bibarirwa muri CYBORG ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING OF INORGANIC LIFE irangwamo ikorwa rya Virus za mudasobwa

Ntuzacikwe n’igice cya kabiri cy’iyi nkuru tuzabagezaho vuba

Rugaba Yvan