Gutanga amaraso ni ibintu bikorwa cyane, dore ko umuntu 1 mu bantu 7 barwarira mu bitaro baba bakeneye kongererwa amaraso. Zimwe mu mpamvu zishobora gutuma umuntu akenera amaraso harimo; uburwayi bukomeye (butuma amaraso agabanuka) cyangwa se impanuka yatera gutakaza amaraso menshi.
Hari byinshi bivugwa mu gutanga amaraso, aho usanga abavuga ko mu gihe utanze amaraso rimwe utagomba guhagaraga kuko uhagaze byakumerera nabi, abanda bakavuga ko ushobora gutanga amaraso ukaba wanapfa, cyangwa se bakakwanduza indwara nka SIDA mu gihe utanze amaraso.
Amaraso akenerwa na buri wese, dore ko utabasha kubaho utayafite.
Ku isi yose muri rusange, buri mwaka abasaga miliyoni 108 batanga amaraso. 50% by’amaraso bihabwa abatuye mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere. Mu gihe abatanga amaraso mu bihugu byateye imbere bikubye inshuro 9 kurusha abatuye mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.
Muri iyi nkuru dukesha Umutihealth.com, tugiye kurebera hamwe, iby’ingenzi ugomba kumenya mbere yo gutanga amaraso.
Iby’ingenzi wamenya ku gutanga amaraso
Umuntu utanga amaraso abanza gupimwa niba afite ubuzima bwiza;(ibiro bikwiye (hejuru ya 50), imyaka (17-79) kuba utarwaye indwara zanduza, n’ibindi ubanza gusobanurirwa).
Amaraso yose atanzwe, abanza gupimwa niba nta HIV, Hepatite B, Hepatite C na syphilis mbere yo kuba yaterwa uyakeneye.
Amaraso y’umuntu aba agizwe n’insoro zitukura (red blood cells), izera (white blood cells), platelets ndetse na plasma. Soma hano birambuye uburyo ibyo bice byose bitandukanye Ibice bigize amaraso mu gutanga amaraso ushobora gutanga agace kamwe cg ukaba watanga amaraso yose yuzuye. Gusa insoro zera ntibikunze kubaho ko zitangwa zonyine
Mu gutanga amaraso, habanza gusuzumwa neza niba utanga amaraso ahuje neza n’uyahabwa. Umuntu ufite group y’amaraso AB ashobora guhabwa n’uwari we wese (universal recipient), mu gihe ufite O- ashobora guha uwari we wese (universal donor).
Impamvu gutanga amaraso ari ingenzi ku buzima
– Amaraso atanzwe akoreshwa mu gufasha abantu bafite ibibazo by’amaraso bitandukanye. Guhera ku bantu bagiye kubagwa kubera ibibazo by’umutima, abagiye guhindurirwa ingingo (transplant surgery), abagore batwite cg ababyara, abakoze impanuka bagatakaza amaraso menshi, indwara yo kubura amaraso (anemia) cg se abanda bafite ibibazo byo kubura amaraso bitandukanye.
– Iyo utanze amaraso, ashobora kugabanywamo ibice bitandukanye; insoro zitukura z’amaraso (red blood cells), plasma, platelets ndetse na fibrinogene byose bishobora bikenerwa bitandukanye bitewe n’uburwayi umuntu afite. Bivuze ko amaraso utanze ashobora gukoreshwa ku bantu barenze umwe.
– Umuntu wese muzima kandi utarwaye yatanga amaraso; guhera ku myaka 17 kugeza ku myaka 79. Inshuro utanga izishoboka; pfa kuba hagati y’inshuro n’indi harimo iminsi 56.
– Nyuma yo gutanga amaraso, amatembabuzi uba watakaje agaruka nyuma y’amasaha macye, insoro zitukura nyuma y’ibyumweru 4, naho ubutare utakaza utanga amaraso bwongera kugaruka nyuma y’ibyumweru 8.
– Mu mubiri w’umuntu harimo amaraso angana na litiro 4.7 ushobora gutanga mililitiro zitagera kuri 500 (ubwo ni litiro 0.5) inshuro 1. Litiro zirenga 170 nizo ushobora gutanga mu buzima bwawe (utangiye ku myaka 17 ukageza 79).
– Gutanga amaraso ni igikorwa kimara umwanya muto, kuko ntibirenza isaha 1. Ubundi ukaba wakomeza gahunda zawe.
