Mu mubiri w’umuntu buri rugingo rugira umumaro warwo rwihariye.Impyiko ni rumwe mu rugingo rw’ibanze ku mubiri w’umuntu,zifite umumaro wo gusukura amaraso ziyavanamo uburozi ndetse zibasha no kuringaniza ingano ya buri kintu gikoze amaraso(nk’imyunyu ngugu,isukari,ibinure ndetse na poroteyine biboneka mu maraso).
Kwangirika kw’mpyiko(renal failure) bifatwa nko kwangirika k’umubiri wose muri rusange kuko amaraso atembera umubiri wose ntabwo aba agifite ubuziranenge buhagije.
Dore ibintu 10 dukora buri munsi kandi byangiza impyiko zacu:
1.Kutanywa amazi ahagije:
Amazi yunganira impyiko mu gusohora imyanda mu mubiri,haba amazi asohoka mu byuya (transpiration) cyangwa mu nkari.Muri rusange impyiko ziyungurura litiro 190 z’amaraso ku munsi ndetse zikabasha no gusohora amazi ku kigero kiri hagati ya litiro 1.5 na litiro 2 mu nkari.Aya mazi asohokana n’imyanda ndetse n’ibindi bidakenewe mu maraso muri rusange.
2 Kurya cyangwa kunywa ibintu birimo isukari(glucose) ku kigero cyo hejuru
Ubushakashatsi bwatangajwe mu kinyamakuru ”
The Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology”
bugaragaza ko ibiribwa cyangwa ibinyobwa bikungahayemo isukari biri mu byongera ibyago byo kugira utuntu tw’utubuye mu mpyiko ku kigero cya 23%(des calculs rénaux cg lithiase renale).Utu tubuye dutangira guteza ububabare bwa hato na hato mu muntu udufite haba mu mpyiko nyirizina cyangwa mu ruhago rw’inkari.
Ikindi isukari ni kimwe mu bintu biremereye impyiko zihura nacyo mu gihe ziri kuyungurura amaraso aho gufata ibintu birimo isukari nyinshi bishobora kuba byatera iyungurura rikozwe nabi ,umuntu akaba yatangira gufatwa n’izindi ndwara zikomoka ku bwinshi bw’isukari nka diyabete cy umubyibuho ukabije(obesity) nyuma yo kwangirika kw’impyiko.
3.Indyo irimo umunyu ku kigero cyo hejuru
Ikigero kemewe n’umuryango w’abibumye wita ku buzima (OMS) ni uko umuntu yagakwiye kutarenza amagarama 5 ku munsi y’umunyu mubyo kurya ariye.Iyo impyiko ziri gusohora amazi adakenewe mu mubiri ,bikorwa hagendewe ku ngano y’imyunyu nka sodiyumu(sodium) na Potasiyumu(potassium) iba yenda kungana.Kurya indyo irimo umunyu mwinshi bituma sodiyumu yiyongera ikarenga potasiyumu bityo impyiko zigatakaza ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi aba yabaye menshi mu turemangingo kugirango ziyasohore mu nkari,bityo ubwinshi bw’amazi mu mubiri buhita bwongera n’umuvuduko w’amaraso,ndetse amaraso akagera no ku mpyiko afite umuvuduko mwinshi ubushobozi bwo kuyayungurura zikagenda zibutakaza buhoro buhoro.
Niho uzasanga umuntu ufite umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso ,mbere na mbere abuzwa ibiribwa birimo umunyu,ubundi agahabwa imiti igabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso ndetse n’imiti ituma impyiko zibasha gusohora amazi menshi nanone umuntu ufite umuvuduko w’amaraso biratinda akibasirwa n’izindi ndwara zirimo na diyabete bitewe ahanini no kwangirika kw’impyiko zitakibasha kugena ingano y’ibiboneka mu maraso harimo n’isukari(glucose).
4.Gushaka kunyara ukabizinzika
Inkari zibamo ibintu by’umwanda n’uburozi bishobora gutwika igihu k’imbere cy’uruhago igihe zitinzemo bityo na mikorobe zitandukanye zikaboneraho kujya muri ibyo bisebe ndetse zikaba zakura zigakwira urwungano rw’inkari rwose harimo n’mpyiko bikaba byateza indwara zindi zitandukanye aho hose.
5.Kubura umunyu ngugu wa manyeziyumu(magnesium)
Manyeziyumu iri mu myunyu irinda utubuye mu rwungano rw’inkari.Ikaba iboneka mu binyampeke ,mu mbuto n’imboga.
6.Kunywa ikawa nyinshi(caffeine)
Kunywa ikawa si bibi ubwabyo ku mpyiko ariko ubwinshi bwayo bugira icyo buhindura ku itembera ry’amaraso(byongera umuvuduko w’amaraso),Ibi byongerera akazi kanini impyiko.Ni byiza kuringaniza iyi ngano
7.Ikoreshwa ry’imiti igabanya ububabare(painkillers)
Nubwo iyi miti igabanyiriza ububabare uyifata ariko nanone ni imwanzi ukomeye ku mpyiko mu gihe ikoreshejwe mu buryo buhoraho.Nkuko bitangazwa na Jean Paul Giroud ”pharmacologue clinician” parasetamoru(paracetamol) ifashwe nabi ijya mu mwijima igahinduka ikintu cy’uburozi ku mwijima ndetse bikagera no mu impyiko.Ni byiza gusaba inama abahanga mu by’imiti ku bijyanye n’ikoreshwa ry’iyi miti
8. Gufata ku kigero kirenze ibintu birimo “Alcool”(inzoga)
Alcool ibangamira impyiko mu kuyungurura amaraso aho zigorwa no gusohora uburozi bumwe na bumwe ndetse no kuringaniza amazi mu mubiri muri rusange.
Abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Cork bakoze ubushakashatsi burenga 20 ku bantu bagera kuri 293 000 basanze hari ihuriro riri hagati ya alcool mu mubiri ndetse no kwangirika kw’impyiko(renal failure).Alcool ituma impyiko zirekura amazi menshi hanze y’umubiri (diuretic) niyo mpamvu uzasanga umunyu ashaka kunyara buri kanya.Alcool ku kigero cyo hejuru ituwe imenyerewe ho kwangiza umwijima ndetse ikanangiza uturemangingo tw’ubwonko.
9.Kurya inyama z’imihore (viande rouge)
Nkuko dogiteri Isabelle Tostivint,muganga w’indwara z’impyiko,abitangaza inyama z’imihore zikozwe na poroteyine nyinshi.Kurya inyama izi z’imihore mu buryo bukabije,bituma amaraso abamo umwanda (Poroteyine nyinshi zidakenewe n’umubiri),ibi bituma impyiko zikora akazi kanini kugirango zihangane n’iri zamuka ry’imwanda mu maraso. Ubundi umuntu aba agomba kurya amagarama angana n’ibiro afite(niba umuntu afite ibiro 70 yemerewe garama 70 z’izi nyama).Ikindi bene izi nyama zibonekamo acide (acide phosphorique na acide urique) zigira uruhare mu gukorwa k’utubuye twangiza impyiko,Ibikomoka ku bimera bigomba kuribwa ku bwinshi mu kugabanya bene izi acide zongerwa n’ibikomoka ku nyamaswa.
10.Kunywa itabi
Kunywa itabi biri ku isonga mu bitera kanseri y’impyiko ndetse n’uruhago rw’inkari,nkuko ikigo cya Amerika gikora ubushakashatsi ku ndwara ya kanseri kibitangaza.Mu nkari z’abanywi b’itabi habonekamo ikigero cyo hejuru cya poroteyine ,ikimenyetso kerekana kwangirika kw’impyiko .
Nyuma yo kunanirwa kwazo umuntu ashobora kurwara impyiko burundu aho bamukorera dialysis(kumushyiraho imashini isimbura impyiko) cg bakamusimburiza impyiko(transplantation).
Kurinda ukwangirika kw’impyiko ni no kurinda ubuzima bw’umubiri wose muri rusange.Mu gihe impyiko zangiritse ,umubiri wose muri rusange urangirika ndetse n’ ikoreshwa ry’imiti ku murwayi riragorana kuko nayo ihita iba uburozi ku mubiri kuko ingano ikenewe mu maraso ihita ihindagurika.
Phn N.Marcelo Baudouin
