Tariki 11 Werurwe 2020, umuryango mpuzamahanga ushinzwe kwita ku buzima WHO watangaje ko COVID-19 ibaye icyorezo kibasiye isi yose muri rusange (Pandemic), kivuye ku kuba cyari kibasiye uduce tumwe tw’isi (Epidemic)
Icyorezo cya Coronavirus cyatangiriye mu bushinwa, gusa kugeza ubu kimaze kwibasira ibihugu birenga 128 birimo n’u Rwanda.
Uko abantu benshi mu bihugu bitandukanye bakomeza kuyandura ni nako ibikoresho by’ibanze mu buzima (nka face mask, hand sanitizers n’ibindi bigenda birushaho kubura), ingendo n’imipaka bifungwa henshi hatandukanye ndetse n’ubukungu bw’isi bukahazarira.
Abahanga batandukanye ku isi, bemeza ko iki cyorezo cya Coronavirusi, kizateza ingaruka nyinshi kandi ko abarwayi bazagenda biyongera; gusa bakigira inama ingamba zo kwirinda no kugabanya ikwirakwiza ryayo.
1.Coronavirus ni iki? Ese yavuye he ?
Nkuko byumvikana ni ubwoko bwa virusi, coronavirusi zibasira imyanya y’ubuhumekero. Izina ryazo, rikomoka mu kilatini ku ijambo corona; bivuga ikamba. Bitewe n’imiterere y’izi virusi zimeze nk’izatamirijwe ikamba.
Ubusanzwe zibasira inyamaswa; nk’uducurama, ipusi cg se inyoni. Gusa 7 muri ubu bwoko bwa coronavirus nizo zibasira abantu harimo na Covid-19 iri kuyogoza abantu muri iki gihe.
Izindi coronavirusi zagiye zibaho zaturukaga mu nyamaswa zikibasira abantu; Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome virus (MERS-CoV) ndetse na Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus (SARS-CoV) zibasiye ubushinwa muri 2003 n’arabiya sawudite n’ibindi bihugu by’abarabu muri 2012.
Gusa kugeza ubu Covid-19 ntiharamenyekana inyamaswa iyikwirakwiza. Gusa haracyakekwa uducurama, tuyanduza iyindi nyamaswa, nayo ikaba yarayanduje umuntu (ibi byose nta na kimwe kiremezwa).
2.Ibimenyetso biyigaragaza ni ibihe?
2 muri 7 virusi za coronavirusi zibasira umuntu, SARS na MERS, zishobora gutera umusonga ukomeye ndetse n’urupfu hagati ya 10-30% yabo zibasiye.
Izindi, akenshi ibimenyetso byazo biba byoroheje, bimeze nk’iby’ibicurane bisanzwe.
Kugeza ubu, ikizwi ni uko Covid-19 nayo ishobora gutera umusonga ndetse inica, nubwo itarahitana benshi nka SARS na MERS.
Raporo y’ikigo cy’abashinwa gishinzwe kurwanya indwara n’ibiza (China Center for Disease Control) (wayisoma hano) igaragaza ko mu bantu barwaye Covid-19 2.3% aribo ihitana – akaba ari umubare uri hasi ugereranyije na SARS cg MERS.
Ikindi abashakashatsi bavumbuye ni uko, ingaruka z’urupfu kuwibasiwe n’iyi ndwara ijyana n’imyaka; iyi virusi ishegesha cyane abantu bakuze kurusha abato.
IBIMENYETSO RUSANGE BIGARAGARA CYANE NI: UMURIRO, GUKORORA NDETSE N’UMUNANIRO.
Kuribwa umutwe, guhumeka bigoranye, kuribwa mu muhogo ndetse n’inkorora izana igikororwa nabyo n’ibindi bimenyetso ariko bigaragara gacye.
Gusa buri munsi bigenda bihinduka bitewe n’igihugu igezemo.
3.Ni iki wakora mu gihe usanze ufite Covid-19 ?
Bivugwa henshi mu binyamakuru n’amatangazo y’inzego za leta zishinzwe ubuzima. Usabwe kubahiriza amabwiriza n’inama ugirwa.
Mu gihe usanzwe hari indi ndwara ufite (nka diyabete, iz’umutima, n’izindi) kandi ukaba uri hejuru y’imyaka 60, ni byiza ko igihe cyose ubonye ibimenyetso byavuzwe hejuru, kwihutira kugana ivuriro, kandi ukabimenyesha hakiri kare mbere y’uko uhura n’abantu benshi. Mu Rwanda wahamagara numero itishyuzwa 114
Niba utari mu cyiciro tuvuze ruguru, ni byiza guhamagara inzego zibishinzwe, ukaba wamenyeshwa niba ukwiye kujya kwa muganga cg ukeneye ibindi bizamini.
Ku bantu benshi, cyane cyane abato, iyi virusi irijyana iyo uruhutse bihagije kandi ukanywa (yaba amazi cg ibindi binyobwa) bihagije.
Icyo ugomba gukora ni ukwirinda kuba wajya ahantu hari abantu benshi, mu rwego rwo kwirinda kwanduza abandi.
4.Coronavirus ikwirakwira ite ?
Nubwo bitaremezwa neza uburyo virusi SARS-CoV-2, virusi itera Covid-19 ikwirakwizwa n’aho ituruka, gusa hagendewe ku zindi virusi bimeze kimwe nka MERS na SARS uko zagiye zikwirakwira.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko yandura mu gihe uhuye n’amatembabuzi nko mu gihe uyirwaye akoroye cg yitsamuye.
Ubundi buryo ishobora kwandura ni nko mu gihe uhuye n’amatembabuzi y’uyirwaye, ukaba wakwikora ku munwa, mu mazuru cg mu maso ukaba nawe uyinjije mu mubiri wawe utyo.
Kuba wakora nko ku rugi, telephone cg ikindi gikoresho uyirwaye yakozeho, ubushakashatsi buracyakorwa ngo harebe niba bishobora kwanduza.
5.Ni iki wakora mu kwirinda ubwawe ?
Ahantu hatandukanye ubona abantu benshi bambaye face mask. Ese ni ngombwa ko nawe uzigura?
Utu dutambaro dupfuka amazuru n’umunwa (face mask) zikoreshwa mu gihe wowe ubwawe ufite indwara y’ubuhumekero ushaka kugabanya ibyago byo kwanduza abandi, cg se niba uri kwita cg ukaba ukora kwa muganga, aho uhurira bya hafi n’abarwayi/cg uyirwaye ni ngombwa kwambara izi mask.
Ibitangazwa n’ikigo cy’ubuzima CDC kigira inama abantu mu rwego rwo kwirinda coronavirusi “gukaraba intoki neza, gupfuka umunwa igihe cyose ukorora cg witsamuye, ndetse no gukurikiza inama zose uhabwa n’inzego zibishinzwe”
Niba ukunda kugenda cyane:
– Ni ngombwa kwirinda ingendo cyane cyane mu bihugu byagiye bigaragaramo abantu barwaye
– Niba ukora kwa muganga:
– Ni ngombwa kwita cyane ku mabwiriza yose ahatangirwa
Niba uhura cg ugenda ahantu hatandukanye:
– Gukaraba intoki neza n’isabune cg se gukoresha imiti yica mikorobe igihe cyose
– Kwirinda gusuhuzanya ukoresheje ibiganza
– Gupfuka umunwa igihe cyose ukorora cg witsamura
– Gukurikiza amabwiriza atangwa n’inzego z’ubuzima
Umutihealth.com
