Aya matungo abana henshi rugo rumwe ariko akaba abanzi bakomeye!
Inkuru ishushanyije (cartoon) y’amahari n’amahane hagati y’aya matungo yo mu nzu izwi nka ’Tom and Jerry’ ari abakuru ari n’abato uyibonye ntacikanwa.
Hafi buri gihe irangira injagwe iri kwayura cyangwa kujwigira kubera akaga yahuye nako mu guhiga imbeba imitego yayo ikayishibukana.
Izi ’cartoons’ abantu benshi barazizi, ariko inkuru iri inyuma yazo si benshi bayizi.
Ni inkuru yagiye ihabwa ibihembo bitandukanye kuva itangiye gukinwa - muri iki cyumweru iruzuza imyaka 80,ni imwe muri ’cartoon’ zakunzwe cyane ku isi.
Ni inkuru yakorwaga n’ikigo kitwa "Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Animation" cy’i California muri Amerika kizwi cyane nka MGM aho abayihimbye Bill Hanna na Joe Barbera bakoraga.
Mu busore bwabo, mu gihe bariho barambirwa akazi ko gukora ibyo babwiwe, batangiye gutekereza icyo bakora ubwabo.
Barbera avuga ko yakundaga uburyo injangwe ihora inyuma y’imbeba, nubwo ’cartoon’ z’umubano w’izi nyamaswa zari zarakozwe kenshi mbere.
Bakoze iya mbere, bayita "Jasper and Jinjx", abayobozi babo n’abakurikira za ’cartoons’ barayikunda.
Mu 1940 bahise bahindura izina, "Jasper and Jinx" yari yabanje kumenyekana bayita "Tom and Jerry".
Iza mbere zakinwaga aya matungo yo mu rugo atavuga, nk’uko icyo gihe ’comedie’ zari zigezweho za Charlie Chaplin zari zimeze.
Umuziki uherekeza iyi ’cartoon’ wakozwe na Scott Bradley uhinduka ikirango cy’iyi ’cartoon’, ijwi ryumvikana muri iki kirango rijwigira ni irya Hanna ubwe.
Mu myaka 20 yakurikiyeho, aba bagabo Hanna na Barbera bayoboye ibikorwa byo gutunganya izindi zakozwe. Buri imwe yafataga ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo irangire igatwara $50,000 kuyikora.
Bivuze ko izibarirwa ku ntoki arizo zakorwaga buri mwaka.
Izi ’cartoons’ za Tom and Jerry zifatwa nk’iziruta izindi zose kubera ubuhanga mu gushushanya n’intoki kandi bikerekana akantu kose karanga inkuru iri gukinwa.
Jerry Beck, umunyamateka ukurikirana ibya Cartoons avuga ko bigoye kuzireba ukamenya igihe zakorewe kubera ubwo buhanga zakoranywe.
Ati: "Hari ikintu kihariye muri ’animation’. Ntisaza kandi ihorana injyana nubwo yaba yarakozwe cyera. Igishushanyo ni igishushanyo.
"Ni nk’igikorwa cy’ubugeni bushushanyije. Turabizi ko hari ibyozwe mu myaka ya 1800 na 1700 ariko urakireba ukabona n’uyu munsi kiraguha ubutumwa."
Uyu muhanga avuga ko ibi aribyo Tom and Jerry zigaragaza n’ubu, ko kubera ubuhanga zikoranye n’uyu munsi uzirabutswe ahagarara akareba.
Mu myaka ya 1950 Hanna na Barbera bagizwe abayobozi bakuru bashinzwe igice cyo gukora ’cartoon’ muri MGM.
Iki gihe televiziyo zariho zikwira henshi ku isi, bajya ku gitutu cyo guhaza isoko ry’abifuzaga kureba izindi ’Tom and Jerry’ nshya.
Mu 1957 ubwo igisata cyabo cyafungwaga, Hanna na Barbera bashinze kompanyi yabo yo gukora ’cartoons’.
Ariko hashize imyaka micye, MGM yiyemeza kongera gukora Tom and Jerry abazihimbye badahari.
Bill Hanna na Joe Barbera bagiye gukorera i Prague ariko bagorwa cyane no kubona abakozi bazi neza ubu buhanga ndetse n’amafaranga.
Mark Kauser w’imyaka 72, yibuka cyane ko yakuze akunda kandi areba cyane Tom and Jerry. Ibi byatumye nawe ajya mu mwuga wo gutunganya za ’cartoons’.
Ati: "Yakunzwe cyane kubera uko igaragara n’amajwi ajyana nayo. Ni uruvange rwiza rw’ibishushanyo n’amajwi.
"Igihe bagerageje guhindura abayikora nahise mbyumva, numva ko atari iy’umwimerere."
Muri MGM byarabagoye, Hanna na Barbera birabahira. Bakoze izindi ’cartoons’ nyinshi ndende kandi zitabahenze.
Mu myaka ya 1960, cartoons zabo zarakunzwe ahantu hanyuranye ku isi zikaba ziganje kuri televiziyo z’abana imyaka myinshi.
Mu myaka ya 1970 barongeye batangira gukora Tom and Jerry. Icyo gihe ibindi bice byabanje byafatwaga nk’ibirimo urugomo rukabije.
Batangiye gukora izo Tom ari inshuti na Jerry ariko ntabwo zakunzwe, barongera basubira ku kuri kw’imibanire y’injangwe n’imbeba.
Tom and Jerry n’ubu ziracyakunzwe henshi ku isi, ndetse hamwe bayikinamo imikino cinema, n’imikino kuri za telephone cyane cyane mu Bushinwa.
Mu 2016 bwo byaratunguranye ubwo umutegetsi wo mu Misiri yavuze ko izi cartoon ziri mu bitera amakimbirane hagati ya Amerika na Iran.
Yavuze ibi kuko umutegetsi w’ikirenga wa Iran yagereranyije kenshi Amerika nka Tom, Iran ikaba Jerry.
Bill Hanna yapfuye mu 2001 mugenzi we Joe Barbera mu 2006.
Umwaka umwe mbere yo gupfa, Barbera yashimiwe gukora Tom and Jerry yari iherutse - yari iya mbere akoze atari kumwe na mugenzi we Hanna.
Joe Barbera yagize ati: "Njye na mugenzi wanjye twarumvikanaga neza cyane, buri wese yubahaga akazi ka mugenzi we".
Aba bagabo basize batoje abandi bahanga ubu batunganya izi ’cartoon’.
BBC
